The Large-tailed Antshrike is distributed in south-east Brazil and adjacent areas of Paraguay and Argentina. It is found in Atlantic Rain Forest especially where there are stands of bamboo and in secondary forest and scrubby woodland.

It is a large antshrike with a very long tail (normally - this individual had lost part of its tail presumably as part of its moult). The male, seen in these photos, is black with small white spots everywhere except on its throat and chest. The female is black with large rufous spots on the crown and neck and smaller rufous spots elsewhere.